Over the past 25 years, women’s participation in sports has increased six-fold.  Unfortunately, these increases have been outpaced by even more dramatic increases in certain sports-related injuries among women. Female runners are twice as likely to experience patellofemoral pain syndrome (anterior knee pain), iliotibial band friction syndrome, and tibial stress fractures as compared to male runners (Taunton et al, 2002).  Researchers have hypothesized that differences in anatomical structure, muscular strength and flexibility, and running biomechanics may predispose female runners to these injuries.